Kardashev scale

TYPE I

	Characteristics:

	Planetary Society.

	Developed Technology.

 	 *  understanding the laws of physics.

	 *  space technology.

	 *  nuclear technology.

	 *  electromagnetic communications.

	Initiation of spaceflight, interplanetary travel, settlement of space.

	Early attempts at interstellar communication.

	Starting to push planetary resource limits.


	Information Level: I.

	Energy Consumption: 10 to the 16 power to 10 to the 17 power Watts.

	Manifestations: Intentional or unintentional electromagnetic emissions,

        especially radio waves.

	TYPE II

	Characteristics:

	Stellar system society.

	Construction of space habitats.

	"dyson sphere" as an ultimate limit.

	Search for intelligent life in space.

	Long societal lifetimes (10 to the 3 power to 10 to the 5 power years).

	Initiation of interstellar travel/colonization.

	Ultimately all radiant energy output of native star is utilized.

	Information Level: L.

	Energy Consumption: 10 to the 26 power to 10 to the 27 power Watts.

	Manifestations:

	Electromagnetic.

	 *  radio waves.

	 *  optical lasers.

	 *  X-rays.

	 *  Gamma rays.

	Gravity Waves.

	Mass transfer.

 	 *  probes.

	 *  panspermia.

	 *  stellar arks.

 
	TYPE III

	Characteristics:

	Galactic Civilization.

	Interstellar communication/travel.

	Very long societal lifetimes (10 to the 8 power to 10 to the 9 power years).

	Effectively "the immortals", for planning purposes.

	Energy resources of the entire galaxy (10 to the 11 power to 10

        to the 12 power stars) are commanded.

	Information Level: Q (Encyclopedia Galactica).

	Energy Consumption: 10 to the 37 power to 10 to the 38 power Watts.

	Manifestations: 

	Feats of astroengineering.

	Exotic Communication.

	 * neutrinos.

	 * tachyons?

	 * Waves "i"?