05 MAR 2015 by ideonexus
We Have the Power to Accelerate Things to Near the Speed ...
Six years ago, in the distant Trisolaran stellar system, Trisolaris accelerated two hydrogen nuclei to near the speed of light and shot them toward the solar system. These two hydrogen nuclei, or protons, arrived at the solar system two years ago, then reached the Earth.Folksonomies: space travel speed of light
Folksonomies: space travel speed of light
1 
notes
notesSomething to consider.
06 FEB 2015 by ideonexus
The One-Electron Universe
I
received a telephone call one day at the graduate college at
Princeton from Professor Wheeler, in which he said, "Feynman, I
know why all electrons have the same charge and the same mass"
"Why?" "Because, they are all the same electron!" And, then he
explained on the telephone, "suppose that the world lines which
we were ordinarily considering before in time and space - instead
of only going up in time were a tremendous knot, and then, when
we cut through the knot, by the pl... 1 notes
notes26 FEB 2014 by ideonexus
The Physics of Fusion
The basic physics of thermonuclear energy is seductively simple. Fission produces energy by atomic fracture, fusion by tiny acts of atomic union. Every atom contains at least one proton, and all protons are positively charged, which means that they repel one another, like identical ends of a magnet. As protons are forced closer together, their electromagnetic opposition grows stronger. If electromagnetism were the only force in nature, the universe might exist only as single-proton hydrogen a... 1 notes
notesAnd why it's so difficult to accomplish on Earth.
08 JAN 2013 by ideonexus
Infinite Creativity was Stored in Hydrogen Atoms
Once the matter created by the Big Bang cooled sufficiently, the universe consisted of a vast cloud of hydrogen atom consisting of a single proton surrounded by a single electron—along with a smattering of slightly heavier elements, including helium (with two protons) and lithium (with three). The universe at that time was about the most boring place imaginable. It consisted of nothing but disembodied atoms drifting through space and the radiation left over from the Big Bang. Yet the potent...
1 From this simple unit, everything in the Universe came about.
14 APR 2012 by ideonexus
Energy from the Sun to Earth
It is a feature of the way the world is made that two protons together have less mass than two protons separately. This is a startling but indisputable fact. Weigh two protons separately, then weigh them together: the numbers don't match. The numbers differ by about 1 percent. This curious difference is not to be explained by some law of nature; it is a law of nature, as basic to the way the world works as any fact in our possession. The mass discrepancy is equivalent to an amount of energy g... 1 notes
notesStarting with the LAW that two protons together have less mass that two apart.
29 MAR 2012 by ideonexus
The Delicate Balance of the Forces of the Universe
the universe
would be a vastly different place if the properties of the matter and force particles were even moderately changed. For example, the
existence of the stable nuclei forming the hundred or so elements of the periodic table hinges delicately on the ratio between the
strengths of the strong and electromagnetic forces. The protons crammed together in atomic nuclei all repel one another
electromagnetically; the strong force acting among their constituent quarks, thankfully, overcomes t... 1 notes
notesIf they were slightly different, the Universe wouldn't look the way it does.
08 MAR 2012 by ideonexus
Explanation of the Higg's Boson
Protons are more massive than electrons, for example, and electrons are way more massive than neutrinos. Photons have no mass at all. For most us, that's no more than a fun fact (and not all that much fun, really). For physicists, though, it's a mystery that demands a solution. Why are the masses so different — and why do any particles have any mass at all?
The answer, suggested several scientists back in the 1960's, is that the entire universe is suffused with a sort of energy field — i...Folksonomies: physics
Folksonomies: physics
1 notes
notesA descent, down-to-earth explanation of the Higg's Particle and why it matters.
01 JAN 2012 by ideonexus
Explanation of Isotopes
The number of neutrons in an atom's nucleus is less fixed than the number of protons: many elements have different versions, called isotopes, with different numbers of neutrons. For example, there are three isotopes of carbon, called Carbon-12, Carbon-13 and Carbon-14. The numbers refer to the mass of the atom, which is the sum of the protons and neutrons. Each of the three has six protons. Carbon-12 has six neutrons. Carbon-13 has seven neutrons and Carbon-14 has eight neutrons. Some isotope... 1 notes
notesThe different types of carbon have different numbers of neutrons and therefore different masses.
13 DEC 2011 by ideonexus
The Precarious Laws of Nature
By examining the model universes we generate when the theories of physics are altered in certain ways, one can study the effect of changes to physical law in a methodical manner. It turns out that it is not only the strengths of the strong nuclear force and the electromagnetic force that are made to order for our existence. Most of the fundamental constants in our theories appear fine tuned in the sense that if they were altered by only modest amounts, the universe would be qualitatively diff...If the laws of nature were different by a very small amount, the Universe would not work in such a way as to produce life.
12 DEC 2011 by ideonexus
The Four Forces of Nature
1. Gravity. This is the weakest of the four, but it is a long-range force and acts on everything in the universe as an attraction. This means that for large bodies the gravitational forces all add up and can dominate over all other forces.
2. Electromagnetism. This is also long-range and is much stronger than gravity, but it acts only on particles with an electric charge. being repulsive between charges of the same sign and attractive between charges of the opposite sign. This means the ele... 1 notes
notesGravity, Electromagnetism, the Strong and Weak Nuclear Forces with brief descriptions.
